{
  "id": "SCR-LIP-000014",
  "statement": "Lipedema occurs in men with the classical phenotype (bilateral, symmetrical, foot-sparing lower-limb fat accumulation, negative Stemmer sign), although it almost exclusively affects women and male occurrence is rare.",
  "statement_pt": "O lipedema ocorre em homens com o fenótipo clássico (acúmulo bilateral, simétrico, poupando os pés, Stemmer negativo), embora afete quase exclusivamente mulheres e a ocorrência masculina seja rara.",
  "claim_type": "clinical_association",
  "context": {
    "population": "men diagnosed with lipedema at a referral center",
    "condition": "lipedema",
    "exposure": "male sex",
    "comparator": "classical female presentation",
    "outcome": "classical phenotype in men",
    "scope": "lipedema in men"
  },
  "knowledge_state": "emerging",
  "evidence_confidence": "low",
  "evidence": [
    {
      "ref": "DOI:10.7759/cureus.87332",
      "stance": "supporting",
      "study_design": "case_series",
      "n": 5,
      "risk_of_bias": "high",
      "year": 2025,
      "amato_authored": true,
      "note": "5 men 31-58y; classical phenotype; no histopathology"
    },
    {
      "ref": "DOI:10.1590/1677-5449.202301832",
      "stance": "supporting",
      "study_design": "consensus",
      "n": 113,
      "risk_of_bias": "moderate",
      "year": 2025,
      "amato_authored": true,
      "note": "'occurrence in men is rare' (4.23)"
    }
  ],
  "relations": [
    {
      "type": "contextualizes",
      "target_hint": "male lipedema / sex distribution"
    }
  ],
  "gaps": "Small retrospective series without histopathology; true male prevalence uncertain.",
  "primary_amato_source": "DOI:10.7759/cureus.87332",
  "curators": [
    {
      "name": "Alexandre C. M. Amato",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-4008-4029",
      "role": "lead_curator"
    }
  ],
  "created": "2026-05-30",
  "updated": "2026-05-30",
  "license": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "answers_questions": [
    {
      "id": "SQ-LIP-000002",
      "role": "context",
      "question": "How common is lipedema, and who does it affect?",
      "url": "https://scientificclaims.org/q/SQ-LIP-000002.html"
    }
  ],
  "url": "https://scientificclaims.org/c/SCR-LIP-000014.html"
}